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Basic data planning and questions about the planning process
Questions to consider during planning
Output
- What is the maximum output required?
- What is the minimum output required?
- Does it make sense to distribute the output across several boilers (availability)?
- What are the consumers’ time requirements? Are there ways to stagger the simultaneous demand of multiple customers?
- What do the daily, weekly and annual load profiles look like?
- Can the total output be divided between a base load boiler and one or more peak load boilers?
- What safety measures should be taken into account during production?
- What extensions/expansions are planned and are these taken into account?
Temperature
- What is the network flow temperature?
- What is the minimum network return temperature?
- Are daily or seasonal fluctuations in the network flow and return temperatures desirable or necessary?
- Do consumers require different temperature levels?
- What is the maximum temperature difference in the system?
Pressure stage
- At what temperature is the safety temperature limiter set?
- What is the geodetic elevation of the entire network?
- Is there sufficient clearance from the evaporation temperature?
- Are pressure booster systems located in the network taken into account?
- What are the minimum and maximum permissible pressures?
- In which pressure maintenance working range is the system operated?
Fuel
- Which fuels are available at the site or are to be used in future?
- Should different fuels be combined?
- Should a fuel be declared as emergency fuel (reduced duration/quantity)?
- Are the fuel quality and its range of variation known?
- Is the gas flow pressure known and constant?
- Should alternative fuels or green electricity be used now or in the future?
- Should electrically heated steam boilers be used now or in the future?
Electricity supply
- What is the voltage?
- What frequency is available?
- Have the relevant tolerances (voltage fluctuations) been taken into account?
- Is an uninterruptible power supply necessary?
- Are the necessary outputs and corresponding fuses in place?
Efficiency
- How important is energy efficiency, and what is the pay-back time for energy-saving measures?
- What type of heat recovery is possible?
- Have all measures to increase efficiency been examined?
- Have the appropriate efficiency measures been planned and are opportunities for waste heat recovery sensibly integrated? Have their economic efficiency and resource savings been examined?
Installation site
- Are there any special requirements regarding noise or pollutant emissions (e.g. due to proximity to a residential area or location in an air or water protection area)?
- What requirements must be taken into account when storing fuel on site?
- Is the installation site located near the coast or at a particular altitude?
- Is the installation site located in an earthquake zone (also relevant in Germany)?
- Is the installation site located in an explosive atmosphere (ATEX)?
- Are frost protection measures necessary for boilers and hot water systems?
Boiler house
- Are there sufficiently large openings for integration?
- Is the foundation sufficiently stable for the water-filled system?
- Are supply and extract air apertures planned in suitable locations in sufficient numbers and sizes?
- Are the required emergency off switches located outside of the boiler house?
- Is there sufficient space available? For example, access to inspection openings (water- and flue-gas-side), walking on the boiler, dismantling components (burner or heating bundle)?
- Has sufficient infrastructure been taken into account (e.g. lighting, power and media supply, frost protection, earthing options)?
- Have the nationally applicable structural requirements for boiler houses been taken into account (e.g. relaxation area)?
Cylinder
- Is a cylinder useful?
- How can the cylinder be integrated?
- Where is the cylinder installed (inside or outside of the building)?
System integration
- How are generators and consumers integrated into the network?
- Is there a hydraulic separation (e.g. with a low loss header)?
- How is it integrated into an overall control concept/energy management system?
- Is the boiler only integrated as a peak load or emergency/backup boiler?
- Is a system separation with heat exchangers between the heat generator and heat consumer necessary?
- What chemical dosing agents are used in the water network?
Components
- How are the following components integrated?
- Boilers and alternative heat generators
- Pressure-maintaining system
- Replenishment
- Water treatment and chemical conditioning
- Heat recovery
- Network pumps
- Low loss headers/flow headers and cylinders
- Piping and valves
Law
- Have the relevant laws, regulations and rules been fully taken into account in the planning?
- With regard to emission control laws, in particular flue gases, noise and water.
- With regard to regulatory approval and operating permits. Has the approval authority been involved at an early stage and has the approval been applied for in good time? Have the acceptance authorities been informed?
- With regard to operator obligations, in particular occupational health and safety and operating safety. Has a risk assessment been carried out for the boiler system?
- With regard to the timely involvement of the approved inspection agencies (ZÜS).
Funding options
- Was it checked with the relevant authorities and local contractors at the start of the planning process whether national or regional funding opportunities exist?
