Overview of efficiency measures
If you balance a conventional hot water boiler at a specified load using the incoming and outgoing material and energy flows, the proportion of unusable energy quickly becomes apparent. Fuel, combustion air and electrical output are supplied, e.g. for pumps and fans.
In addition to the usable thermal energy that is transferred to the heating network, the losses for the thermal energy still contained in the flue gas and the heat losses through radiation and conduction to the environment must be taken into account as transferred quantities in the balance sheet.
You can use suitable measures to minimise the losses incurred. When selecting the optimisation measures, the order of the best cost-benefit ratio should be followed. However, this cost-benefit order of measures is system-specific and depends heavily on the operating mode of the entire boiler system, the heating network and the heat consumption systems. The following table provides an overview of the measures taken to increase efficiency. Most of these measures can also be combined.
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Energy-saving measures |
Savings potential |
Link |
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Flue gas heat exchanger |
≤ 7 % fuel |
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Condensing flue gas heat exchanger |
≤ 7 % fuel |
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Air preheating |
≤ 1.8 % fuel |
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Oxygen and/or CO burner control |
≤ 0.5 % fuel |
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Fan speed control |
≤ 65 % electricity costs |
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Optimisation of the control parameters, regular servicing, maintenance, cleaning |
≤ 3 % fuel, extended service life, process reliability |
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Variable-speed boiler circulation pumps |
≤ 80 % electricity costs |
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Energy-saving measures and savings potential that results from these